Prednisolone, Cyclophosphamide and Lomustine Treatment of Stage V Multicentric Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus): Case Report and Scoping-Review of the Literature

Resumo

Lymphoma is a common hematopoietic neoplasm in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), yet its biological behavior, classification, and treatment remain poorly characterized. The present report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic characterization, and treatment response of a 5-year-old male guinea pig with clinical stage V, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with a combination chemotherapy protocol of prednisolone (1 mg/kg, PO, daily), cyclophosphamide (2.5 mL/kg, SC, every 2 weeks) and lomustine (4 mg/kg, PO, every 2 weeks). Temporary clinical remission was observed by progressive reduction of lymph node size and normalization of hematologic abnormalities, corresponding to a progression-free survival of 62 days, and overall survival of 77 days from the time of clinical presentation. This report documents temporary disease control with combination chemotherapy in a guinea pig with stage V B-cell lymphoma and highlights the need to establish standardized response criteria for lymphoma in this species.