Etiologic agents isolated from companion animals with otitis

Manuel Rodrigues; Tiago Lima; Sara Isidoro; André Meneses; Adriana Belas

doi:10.60543/rlcmv.v18i.9967

Manuel Rodrigues Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749 - 024 Lisboa
Tiago Lima Centro de Investigação Veterinária e Animal (CECAV), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona, Centro Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal.
Sara Isidoro Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária- Universidade Lusófona, Centro Universitário de Lisboa
André Meneses Centro de Investigação Veterinária e Animal (CECAV), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona, Centro Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal.
Adriana Belas Centro de Investigação Veterinária e Animal (CECAV), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona, Centro Universitário de Lisboa, Portugal.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.60543/rlcmv.v18i.9967

Resumo

Objectives: Otitis externa is one of the most common types of infections seen in companion animals, particularly in dogs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of etiologic agents in companion animals (dogs and cats) with otitis in Lisbon area between September 2023 and June 2024.

Material and methods: A total of 71 companion animals with otitis were included in this study. Bacterial species identification was conducted by MALDI-TOF (VITEK® MS) and by PCR. For Staphylococcus spp. isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disc diffusion method following the CLSI guidelines.

Results: Eighty-two bacterial isolates were obtained from the 71 animals included in this study. Among the bacteria isolates, most were Gram-positive bacteria (85.4%, n=70/82), while Gram-negative bacteria were 14.6% (n=12/82).

Regarding Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp. was the most frequent bacteria isolated (91.4%, n=64/70), namely S. pseudintermedius, (64.1%, n=41/64), S. schleiferi (12.5%, n=8/64), S. felis (9.4%, n=6/64), S. aureus (3.1%, n=2/64), S. epidermidis (3.1%, n=4/64), S. haemoliticus, S.lugdunensis and S pettenkoferi (1.6%, n=1/64). About 8.6% (n=6/70) of the isolates were Enterococcus spp., consisting of 4 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, one isolate of Enterococcus faecium, and one isolate of Enterococcus canintestini.

Regarding Staphylococcus spp., 28.1% (n=18/64) were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Among these isolates, 14 were S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), 2 were S. epidermidis (MRSE), and 2 were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), specifically S. haemolyticus. About Gram-negative bacteria the most common were Escherichia coli (41.7%, n=5/12), followed by Proteus mirabilis (33.3%, n=4/12), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.2%, n=2/12) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.3%, n=1/12).

Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of identifying and characterizing pathogens with potential zoonotic risks for infection management and prevention. Healthcare providers must prioritize preventing the transmission and spread of MDR bacteria through active surveillance.

Keywords: Companion animals, Otitis, Bacteria, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp..

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